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Rik van Riel 34e431b0ae /proc/meminfo: provide estimated available memory 
Many load balancing and workload placing programs check /proc/meminfo to
estimate how much free memory is available.  They generally do this by
adding up "free" and "cached", which was fine ten years ago, but is
pretty much guaranteed to be wrong today.

It is wrong because Cached includes memory that is not freeable as page
cache, for example shared memory segments, tmpfs, and ramfs, and it does
not include reclaimable slab memory, which can take up a large fraction
of system memory on mostly idle systems with lots of files.

Currently, the amount of memory that is available for a new workload,
without pushing the system into swap, can be estimated from MemFree,
Active(file), Inactive(file), and SReclaimable, as well as the "low"
watermarks from /proc/zoneinfo.

However, this may change in the future, and user space really should not
be expected to know kernel internals to come up with an estimate for the
amount of free memory.

It is more convenient to provide such an estimate in /proc/meminfo.  If
things change in the future, we only have to change it in one place.

Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Erik Mouw <erik.mouw_2@nxp.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2014-01-21 16:19:43 -08:00
..
9p consolidate simple ->d_delete() instances 2013-11-15 22:04:17 -05:00
adfs adfs: delayed freeing of sbi 2013-10-24 23:43:27 -04:00
affs remove obsolete references to powertweak 2013-11-27 20:34:32 -08:00
afs Merge branch 'fscache' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs into linux-next 2013-10-28 19:36:46 -04:00
autofs4 autofs4: make freeing sbi rcu-delayed 2013-10-24 23:43:27 -04:00
befs befs: split symlink iops in two - for short and long symlinks resp. 2013-10-24 23:34:50 -04:00
bfs truncate: drop 'oldsize' truncate_pagecache() parameter 2013-09-12 15:38:02 -07:00
btrfs Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs 2013-12-12 15:25:10 -08:00
cachefiles Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs 2013-11-13 15:34:18 +09:00
ceph ceph: Avoid data inconsistency due to d-cache aliasing in readpage() 2013-12-13 09:11:38 -08:00
cifs cifs: set FILE_CREATED 2013-12-27 15:14:45 -06:00
coda coda_revalidate_inode(): switch to passing inode... 2013-11-09 00:16:21 -05:00
configfs configfs: fix race between dentry put and lookup 2013-11-21 16:42:27 -08:00
cramfs cramfs: mark as obsolete 2013-11-13 12:09:12 +09:00
debugfs debugfs: use list_next_entry() in debugfs_remove_recursive() 2013-11-13 12:09:24 +09:00
devpts devpts: plug the memory leak in kill_sb 2013-11-13 12:09:36 +09:00
dlm genetlink: only pass array to genl_register_family_with_ops() 2013-11-19 16:39:05 -05:00
ecryptfs Quiet static checkers by removing unneeded conditionals 2013-11-22 10:58:14 -08:00
efivarfs consolidate simple ->d_delete() instances 2013-11-15 22:04:17 -05:00
efs efs: iget_locked() doesn't return an ERR_PTR() 2013-08-24 12:10:22 -04:00
exofs truncate: drop 'oldsize' truncate_pagecache() parameter 2013-09-12 15:38:02 -07:00
exportfs exportfs: fix quadratic behavior in filehandle lookup 2013-11-09 00:16:38 -05:00
ext2 ext2: Fix oops in ext2_get_block() called from ext2_quota_write() 2013-12-04 12:26:51 +01:00
ext3 Merge branch 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jack/linux-fs 2013-11-13 15:25:47 +09:00
ext4 ext4: fix bigalloc regression 2014-01-06 14:00:23 -05:00
f2fs f2fs: issue more large discard command 2013-11-11 09:36:32 +09:00
fat fat: rcu-delay unloading nls and freeing sbi 2013-10-24 23:43:28 -04:00
freevxfs
fscache Merge branch 'for-3.13/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block 2013-11-14 12:08:14 +09:00
fuse Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs 2013-11-13 15:34:18 +09:00
gfs2 GFS2: Fix unsafe dereference in dump_holder() 2014-01-02 12:18:04 +00:00
hfs fs/hfs/btree.h: remove duplicate defines 2013-11-13 12:09:32 +09:00
hfsplus block: submit_bio_wait() conversions 2013-11-24 16:33:41 -07:00
hostfs consolidate simple ->d_delete() instances 2013-11-15 22:04:17 -05:00
hpfs locks: break delegations on any attribute modification 2013-11-09 00:16:44 -05:00
hppfs clean up scary strncpy(dst, src, strlen(src)) uses 2013-07-03 16:07:41 -07:00
hugetlbfs cope with potentially long ->d_dname() output for shmem/hugetlb 2013-08-24 12:10:17 -04:00
isofs isofs: don't pass dentry to isofs_hash{i,}_common() 2013-10-24 23:34:59 -04:00
jbd jbd: Revert "jbd: remove dependency on __GFP_NOFAIL" 2013-10-31 20:37:15 +01:00
jbd2 jbd2: rename obsoleted msg JBD->JBD2 2013-12-08 21:14:59 -05:00
jffs2 jffs2: do not support the MLC nand 2013-10-27 16:27:07 -07:00
jfs Just a patch to fix an oops in an error path. 2013-10-22 09:01:11 +01:00
kernfs kernfs: associate a new kernfs_node with its parent on creation 2014-01-17 11:50:07 -08:00
lockd LOCKD: Don't call utsname()->nodename from nlmclnt_setlockargs 2013-08-05 15:03:46 -04:00
logfs block: submit_bio_wait() conversions 2013-11-24 16:33:41 -07:00
minix fs/minix: Drop dependency on H8300 2013-09-16 18:20:25 -07:00
ncpfs ncpfs: rcu-delay unload_nls() and freeing ncp_server 2013-10-24 23:43:28 -04:00
nfs NFS client bugfixes 2013-12-05 13:05:48 -08:00
nfs_common
nfsd nfsd: when reusing an existing repcache entry, unhash it first 2013-12-10 20:34:44 -05:00
nilfs2 nilfs2: fix segctor bug that causes file system corruption 2014-01-15 14:19:42 +07:00
nls
notify fsnotify: remove pointless NULL initializers 2014-01-21 16:19:41 -08:00
ntfs iget/iget5: don't bother with ->i_lock until we find a match 2013-11-09 00:16:31 -05:00
ocfs2 ocfs2: fix NULL pointer dereference when dismount and ocfs2rec simultaneously 2014-01-21 16:19:42 -08:00
omfs truncate: drop 'oldsize' truncate_pagecache() parameter 2013-09-12 15:38:02 -07:00
openpromfs
proc /proc/meminfo: provide estimated available memory 2014-01-21 16:19:43 -08:00
pstore pstore: Don't allow high traffic options on fragile devices 2013-12-20 13:12:01 -08:00
qnx4 qnx4: i_sb is never NULL 2013-11-09 00:16:32 -05:00
qnx6
quota genetlink: make multicast groups const, prevent abuse 2013-11-19 16:39:06 -05:00
ramfs fs/ramfs: don't use module_init for non-modular core code 2014-01-21 16:19:42 -08:00
reiserfs reiserfs: fix race with flush_used_journal_lists and flush_journal_list 2013-09-24 11:24:21 +02:00
romfs
squashfs Squashfs: fix failure to unlock pages on decompress error 2013-11-24 01:02:50 +00:00
sysfs Revert "kernfs, sysfs, driver-core: implement kernfs_remove_self() and its wrappers" 2014-01-13 14:05:13 -08:00
sysv sysv: Add forgotten superblock lock init for v7 fs 2013-09-29 22:02:02 -04:00
ubifs Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs 2013-11-13 15:34:18 +09:00
udf udf: fix for pathetic mount times in case of invalid file system 2013-10-18 22:39:07 +02:00
ufs truncate: drop 'oldsize' truncate_pagecache() parameter 2013-09-12 15:38:02 -07:00
xfs xfs: Calling destroy_work_on_stack() to pair with INIT_WORK_ONSTACK() 2014-01-10 12:39:38 -06:00
aio.c Merge git://git.kvack.org/~bcrl/aio-next 2013-12-22 11:03:49 -08:00
anon_inodes.c ... and kill anon_inode_getfile_private() 2013-11-09 00:16:28 -05:00
attr.c locks: break delegations on any attribute modification 2013-11-09 00:16:44 -05:00
bad_inode.c
binfmt_aout.c dump_skip(): dump_seek() replacement taking coredump_params 2013-11-09 00:16:26 -05:00
binfmt_elf.c elf{,_fdpic} coredump: get rid of pointless if (siginfo->si_signo) 2013-11-09 00:16:30 -05:00
binfmt_elf_fdpic.c elf{,_fdpic} coredump: get rid of pointless if (siginfo->si_signo) 2013-11-09 00:16:30 -05:00
binfmt_em86.c file->f_op is never NULL... 2013-10-24 23:34:54 -04:00
binfmt_flat.c
binfmt_misc.c
binfmt_script.c
binfmt_som.c
bio-integrity.c Merge branch 'for-3.12/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block 2013-09-22 15:00:11 -07:00
bio.c bio: fix argument of __bio_add_page() for max_sectors > 0xffff 2013-11-18 12:31:27 -07:00
block_dev.c a trivial writeback fix 2013-09-13 23:06:40 -04:00
buffer.c fs: buffer: move allocation failure loop into the allocator 2013-10-16 21:35:53 -07:00
char_dev.c Merge branch 'for-3.13/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block 2013-11-14 12:08:14 +09:00
compat.c
compat_binfmt_elf.c
compat_ioctl.c fs/compat_ioctl.c: fix an underflow issue (harmless) 2014-01-21 16:19:42 -08:00
coredump.c dump_emit(): use __kernel_write(), not vfs_write() 2013-11-15 22:04:09 -05:00
coredump.h
dcache.c Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace 2014-01-17 17:29:36 -08:00
dcookies.c
direct-io.c direct-io: Use return from cmpxchg to decide of assignment happened 2013-09-09 10:47:42 -07:00
drop_caches.c shrinker: add node awareness 2013-09-10 18:56:31 -04:00
eventfd.c
eventpoll.c epoll: do not take the nested ep->mtx on EPOLL_CTL_DEL 2014-01-02 14:40:30 -08:00
exec.c Merge git://git.infradead.org/users/eparis/audit 2013-11-21 19:18:14 -08:00
fcntl.c file->f_op is never NULL... 2013-10-24 23:34:54 -04:00
fhandle.c
file.c
file_table.c Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs 2013-11-13 15:34:18 +09:00
filesystems.c
fs-writeback.c writeback: Fix data corruption on NFS 2013-12-14 04:21:26 +08:00
fs_struct.c seqcount: Add lockdep functionality to seqcount/seqlock structures 2013-11-06 12:40:26 +01:00
generic_acl.c
inode.c locks: break delegations on any attribute modification 2013-11-09 00:16:44 -05:00
internal.h get rid of s_files and files_lock 2013-11-09 00:16:20 -05:00
ioctl.c file->f_op is never NULL... 2013-10-24 23:34:54 -04:00
ioprio.c
Kconfig
Kconfig.binfmt
libfs.c consolidate simple ->d_delete() instances 2013-11-15 22:04:17 -05:00
locks.c locks: missing unlock on error in generic_add_lease() 2013-11-13 07:30:53 -05:00
Makefile sysfs, kernfs: add skeletons for kernfs 2013-11-27 13:28:24 -08:00
mbcache.c fs: convert fs shrinkers to new scan/count API 2013-09-10 18:56:31 -04:00
mount.h RCU'd vfsmounts 2013-11-09 00:16:19 -05:00
mpage.c
namei.c dcache: allow word-at-a-time name hashing with big-endian CPUs 2013-12-12 10:39:01 -08:00
namespace.c Driver core / sysfs patches for 3.14-rc1 2014-01-20 15:49:44 -08:00
no-block.c
open.c locks: break delegations on any attribute modification 2013-11-09 00:16:44 -05:00
pipe.c vfs: fix subtle use-after-free of pipe_inode_info 2013-12-02 09:44:51 -08:00
pnode.c split __lookup_mnt() in two functions 2013-10-24 23:35:00 -04:00
pnode.h vfs: Don't copy mount bind mounts of /proc/<pid>/ns/mnt between namespaces 2013-08-26 18:42:15 -07:00
posix_acl.c posix_acl: uninlining 2014-01-21 16:19:42 -08:00
proc_namespace.c don't bother with vfsmount_lock in mounts_poll() 2013-10-24 23:34:59 -04:00
read_write.c fs/read_write.c:compat_readv(): remove bogus area verify 2014-01-21 16:19:42 -08:00
readdir.c file->f_op is never NULL... 2013-10-24 23:34:54 -04:00
select.c Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs 2013-11-13 15:34:18 +09:00
seq_file.c seq_file: always clear m->count when we free m->buf 2013-11-18 19:07:53 -08:00
signalfd.c
splice.c file->f_op is never NULL... 2013-10-24 23:34:54 -04:00
stack.c
stat.c vfs: split out vfs_getattr_nosec 2013-11-09 00:16:31 -05:00
statfs.c vfs: allow O_PATH file descriptors for fstatfs() 2013-10-12 13:12:31 -07:00
super.c fs/super.c: fix WARN on alloc_super() fail path 2014-01-21 16:19:42 -08:00
sync.c Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew Morton) 2013-11-13 15:45:43 +09:00
timerfd.c
utimes.c locks: break delegations on any attribute modification 2013-11-09 00:16:44 -05:00
xattr.c
xattr_acl.c