be2a608bd0
Convert files within the Documentation directory to UTF-8. Adrian Bunk: small additional fixes Signed-off-by: John Anthony Kazos Jr. <jakj@j-a-k-j.com> Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
369 lines
12 KiB
Text
369 lines
12 KiB
Text
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SliceCOM adapter user's documentation - for the 0.51 driver version
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Written by Bartók István <bartoki@itc.hu>
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English translation: Lakatos György <gyuri@itc.hu>
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Mon Dec 11 15:28:42 CET 2000
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Last modified: Wed Aug 29 17:25:37 CEST 2001
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-----------------------------------------------------------------
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Usage:
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Compiling the kernel:
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Code maturity level options
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[*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers
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Network device support
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Wan interfaces
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<M> MultiGate (COMX) synchronous
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<M> Support for MUNICH based boards: SliceCOM, PCICOM (NEW)
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<M> Support for HDLC and syncPPP...
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Loading the modules:
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modprobe comx
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modprobe comx-proto-ppp # module for Cisco-HDLC and SyncPPP protocols
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modprobe comx-hw-munich # the module logs information by the kernel
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# about the detected boards
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Configuring the board:
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# This interface will use the Cisco-HDLC line protocol,
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# the timeslices assigned are 1,2 (128 KiBit line speed)
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# (the first data timeslice in the G.703 frame is no. 1)
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#
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mkdir /proc/comx/comx0.1/
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echo slicecom >/proc/comx/comx0.1/boardtype
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echo hdlc >/proc/comx/comx0.1/protocol
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echo 1 2 >/proc/comx/comx0.1/timeslots
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# This interface uses SyncPPP line protocol, the assigned
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# is no. 3 (64 KiBit line speed)
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#
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mkdir /proc/comx/comx0.2/
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echo slicecom >/proc/comx/comx0.2/boardtype
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echo ppp >/proc/comx/comx0.2/protocol
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echo 3 >/proc/comx/comx0.2/timeslots
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...
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ifconfig comx0.1 up
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ifconfig comx0.2 up
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-----------------------------------------------------------------
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The COMX interfaces use a 10 packet transmit queue by default, however WAN
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networks sometimes use bigger values (20 to 100), to utilize the line better
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by large traffic (though the line delay increases because of more packets
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join the queue).
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# ifconfig comx0 txqueuelen 50
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This option is only supported by the ifconfig command of the later
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distributions, which came with 2.2 kernels, such as RedHat 6.1 or Debian 2.2.
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You can download a newer netbase packet from
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http://www.debian.org/~rcw/2.2/netbase/ for Debian 2.1, which has a new
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ifconfig. You can get further information about using 2.2 kernel with
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Debian 2.1 from http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/running-kernel-2.2
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-----------------------------------------------------------------
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The SliceCom LEDs:
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red - on, if the interface is unconfigured, or it gets Remote Alarm-s
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green - on, if the board finds frame-sync in the received signal
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A bit more detailed:
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red: green: meaning:
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- - no frame-sync, no signal received, or signal SNAFU.
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- on "Everything is OK"
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on on Reception is ok, but the remote end sends Remote Alarm
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on - The interface is unconfigured
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-----------------------------------------------------------------
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A more detailed description of the hardware setting options:
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The general and the protocol layer options described in the 'comx.txt' file
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apply to the SliceCom as well, I only summarize the SliceCom hardware specific
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settings below.
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The '/proc/comx' configuring interface:
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An interface directory should be created for every timeslot group with
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'mkdir', e,g: 'comx0', 'comx1' etc. The timeslots can be assigned here to the
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specific interface. The Cisco-like naming convention (serial3:1 - first
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timeslot group of the 3rd. board) can't be used here, because these mean IP
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aliasing in Linux.
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You can give any meaningful name to keep the configuration clear;
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e.g: 'comx0.1', 'comx0.2', 'comx1.1', comx1.2', if you have two boards
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with two interfaces each.
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Settings, which apply to the board:
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Neither 'io' nor 'irq' settings required, the driver uses the resources
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given by the PCI BIOS.
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comx0/boardnum - board number of the SliceCom in the PC (using the 'natural'
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PCI order) as listed in '/proc/pci' or the output of the
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'lspci' command, generally the slots nearer to the motherboard
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PCI driver chips have the lower numbers.
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Default: 0 (the counting starts with 0)
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Though the options below are to be set on a single interface, they apply to the
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whole board. The restriction, to use them on 'UP' interfaces, is because the
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command sequence below could lead to unpredictable results.
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# echo 0 >boardnum
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# echo internal >clock_source
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# echo 1 >boardnum
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The sequence would set the clock source of board 0.
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These settings will persist after all the interfaces are cleared, but are
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cleared when the driver module is unloaded and loaded again.
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comx0/clock_source - source of the transmit clock
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Usage:
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# echo line >/proc/comx/comx0/clock_source
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# echo internal >/proc/comx/comx0/clock_source
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line - The Tx clock is being decoded if the input data stream,
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if no clock seen on the input, then the board will use it's
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own clock generator.
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internal - The Tx clock is supplied by the builtin clock generator.
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Default: line
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Normally, the telecommunication company's end device (the HDSL
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modem) provides the Tx clock, that's why 'line' is the default.
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comx0/framing - Switching CRC4 off/on
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CRC4: 16 PCM frames (The 32 64Kibit channels are multiplexed into a
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PCM frame, nothing to do with HDLC frames) are divided into 2x8
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groups, each group has a 4 bit CRC.
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# echo crc4 >/proc/comx/comx0/framing
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# echo no-crc4 >/proc/comx/comx0/framing
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Default is 'crc4', the Hungarian MATAV lines behave like this.
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The traffic generally passes if this setting on both ends don't match.
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comx0/linecode - Setting the line coding
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# echo hdb3 >/proc/comx/comx0/linecode
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# echo ami >/proc/comx/comx0/linecode
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Default a 'hdb3', MATAV lines use this.
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(AMI coding is rarely used with E1 lines). Frame sync may occur, if
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this setting doesn't match the other end's, but CRC4 and data errors
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will come, which will result in CRC errors on HDLC/SyncPPP level.
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comx0/reg - direct access to the board's MUNICH (reg) and FALC (lbireg)
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comx0/lbireg circuit's registers
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# echo >reg 0x04 0x0 - write 0 to register 4
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# echo >reg 0x104 - write the contents of register 4 with
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printk() to syslog
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WARNING! These are only for development purposes, messing with this will
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result much trouble!
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comx0/loopback - Places a loop to the board's G.703 signals
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# echo none >/proc/comx/comx0/loopback
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# echo local >/proc/comx/comx0/loopback
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# echo remote >/proc/comx/comx0/loopback
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none - normal operation, no loop
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local - the board receives it's own output
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remote - the board sends the received data to the remote side
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Default: none
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-----------------------------------------------------------------
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Interface (channel group in Cisco terms) settings:
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comx0/timeslots - which timeslots belong to the given interface
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Setting:
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# echo '1 5 2 6 7 8' >/proc/comx/comx0/timeslots
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# cat /proc/comx/comx0/timeslots
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1 2 5 6 7 8
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#
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Finding a timeslot:
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# grep ' 4' /proc/comx/comx*/timeslots
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/proc/comx/comx0/timeslots:1 3 4 5 6
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#
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The timeslots can be in any order, '1 2 3' is the same as '1 3 2'.
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The interface has to be DOWN during the setting ('ifconfig comx0
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down'), but the other interfaces could operate normally.
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The driver checks if the assigned timeslots are vacant, if not, then
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the setting won't be applied.
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The timeslot values are treated as decimal numbers, not to misunderstand
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values of 08, 09 form.
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-----------------------------------------------------------------
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Checking the interface and board status:
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- Lines beginning with ' ' (space) belong to the original output, the lines
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which begin with '//' are the comments.
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papaya:~$ cat /proc/comx/comx1/status
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Interface administrative status is UP, modem status is UP, protocol is UP
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Modem status changes: 0, Transmitter status is IDLE, tbusy: 0
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Interface load (input): 978376 / 947808 / 951024 bits/s (5s/5m/15m)
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(output): 978376 / 947848 / 951024 bits/s (5s/5m/15m)
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Debug flags: none
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RX errors: len: 22, overrun: 1, crc: 0, aborts: 0
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buffer overrun: 0, pbuffer overrun: 0
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TX errors: underrun: 0
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Line keepalive (value: 10) status UP [0]
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// The hardware specific part starts here:
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Controller status:
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No alarms
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// Alarm:
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//
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// No alarms - Everything OK
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//
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// LOS - Loss Of Signal - No signal sensed on the input
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// AIS - Alarm Indication Signal - The remote side sends '11111111'-s,
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// it tells, that there's an error condition, or it's not
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// initialised.
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// AUXP - Auxiliary Pattern Indication - 01010101.. received.
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// LFA - Loss of Frame Alignment - no frame sync received.
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// RRA - Receive Remote Alarm - the remote end's OK, but signals error cond.
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// LMFA - Loss of CRC4 Multiframe Alignment - no CRC4 multiframe sync.
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// NMF - No Multiframe alignment Found after 400 msec - no such alarm using
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// no-crc4 or crc4 framing, see below.
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//
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// Other possible error messages:
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//
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// Transmit Line Short - the board felt, that it's output is short-circuited,
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// so it switched the transmission off. (The board can't definitely tell,
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// that it's output is short-circuited.)
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// Chained list of the received packets, for debug purposes:
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Rx ring:
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rafutott: 0
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lastcheck: 50845731, jiffies: 51314281
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base: 017b1858
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rx_desc_ptr: 0
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rx_desc_ptr: 017b1858
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hw_curr_ptr: 017b1858
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06040000 017b1868 017b1898 c016ff00
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06040000 017b1878 017b1e9c c016ff00
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46040000 017b1888 017b24a0 c016ff00
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06040000 017b1858 017b2aa4 c016ff00
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// All the interfaces using the board: comx1, using the 1,2,...16 timeslots,
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// comx2, using timeslot 17, etc.
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Interfaces using this board: (channel-group, interface, timeslots)
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0 comx1: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
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1 comx2: 17
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2 comx3: 18
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3 comx4: 19
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4 comx5: 20
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5 comx6: 21
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6 comx7: 22
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7 comx8: 23
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8 comx9: 24
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9 comx10: 25
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10 comx11: 26
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11 comx12: 27
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12 comx13: 28
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13 comx14: 29
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14 comx15: 30
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15 comx16: 31
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// The number of events handled by the driver during an interrupt cycle:
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Interrupt work histogram:
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hist[ 0]: 0 hist[ 1]: 2 hist[ 2]: 18574 hist[ 3]: 79
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hist[ 4]: 14 hist[ 5]: 1 hist[ 6]: 0 hist[ 7]: 1
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hist[ 8]: 0 hist[ 9]: 7
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// The number of packets to send in the Tx ring, when a new one arrived:
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Tx ring histogram:
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hist[ 0]: 2329 hist[ 1]: 0 hist[ 2]: 0 hist[ 3]: 0
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// The error counters of the E1 interface, according to the RFC2495,
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// (similar to the Cisco "show controllers e1" command's output:
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// http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios11/rbook/rinterfc.htm#xtocid25669126)
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Data in current interval (91 seconds elapsed):
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9516 Line Code Violations, 65 Path Code Violations, 2 E-Bit Errors
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0 Slip Secs, 2 Fr Loss Secs, 2 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins
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0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 11 Unavail Secs
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Data in Interval 1 (15 minutes):
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0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations, 0 E-Bit Errors
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0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins
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0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs
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Data in last 4 intervals (1 hour):
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0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations, 0 E-Bit Errors
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0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins
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0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs
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Data in last 96 intervals (24 hours):
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0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations, 0 E-Bit Errors
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0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins
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0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs
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-----------------------------------------------------------------
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Some unique options, (may get into the driver later):
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Treat them very carefully, these can cause much trouble!
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modified CRC-4, for improved interworking of CRC-4 and non-CRC-4
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devices: (see page 107 and g706 Annex B)
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lbireg[ 0x1b ] |= 0x08
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lbireg[ 0x1c ] |= 0xc0
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- The NMF - 'No Multiframe alignment Found after 400 msec' alarm
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comes into account.
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FALC - the line driver chip.
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local loop - I hear my transmission back.
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remote loop - I echo the remote transmission back.
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Something useful for finding errors:
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- local loop for timeslot 1 in the FALC chip:
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# echo >lbireg 0x1d 0x21
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- Switching the loop off:
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# echo >lbireg 0x1d 0x00
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