Kill debugging default switch cases in do_one_mathemu().
That case is handled properly already and gcc hates
the empty statement that results when the debug code is
disabled.
Pointed out by kaffe.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Patch from Catalin Marinas
The LCD displays were no longer working with Integrator/CP after some
changes to the setup code. This patch re-enables them.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Enable mv643xx_eth driver to work when built as a module on
mv64x60-based embedded systems.
Signed-off-by: Dale Farnsworth <dale@farnsworth.org>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@pobox.com>
Patch from George G. Davis
This Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. contributed patch adds mem_types[]
support for ARMv6 non-shared device memory region attributes. This
implementation provides support for only first level section mapped
non-shared devices. Second level non-shared device mappings are not
yet supported.
Signed-off-by: George G. Davis <gdavis@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Patch from Lucas Correia Villa Real
This patch defines S3C2400 memory map and adds a S3C24XX macro for
common resources between S3C2400, S3C2410 and S3C2440 cpus.
Signed-off-by: Lucas Correia Villa Real <lucasvr@gobolinux.org>
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben-linux@fluff.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
On my latest laptop, I've had occasional PHY dead on wakeup from
sleep... the PHY would be totally unresponsive even to toggling the hard
reset line until the machine is powered down... Looking closely at the
code, I found some possible issues in the way we setup the MDIO lines
during suspend along with slight divergences from what Darwin does when
resetting it that may explain the problem. That patch change these and
the problem appear to be gone for me at least... I also fixed an mdelay
-> msleep while I was at it to the pmac feature code that is called
when toggling the PHY reset line since sungem doesn't call it in an
atomic context anymore.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>b
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
arch/arm/mm/ioremap.c:145: warning: passing argument 1 of 'vfree' makes pointer from integer without a cast
resulted from commit id 9d4ae7276a
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Fix an unnecessary softlockup watchdog warning in the ia64
uncached_build_memmap() that occurs occasionally at 256p and always at
512p. The problem occurs at boot time.
Signed-off-by: John Hawkes <hawkes@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Migrate perfmon from using an old semaphore to a completion handler.
Signed-off-by: Jes Sorensen <jes@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Migrate arch/ia64/ia32/sys_ia32 to using a mutex for mmap protection.
Signed-off-by: Jes Sorensen <jes@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
ARM entry-common.S needs to know syscall table size; in itself that would
not be a problem, but there's an additional constraint - some of the
instructions using it want a constant that would be a multiple of 4.
So we have to pad syscall table with sys_ni_syscall and that's where
the trouble begins. .rept pseudo-op wants a constant expression for
number of repetitions and subtraction of two labels (before and after
syscall table) doesn't always get simplified to constant early enough
for .rept. If labels end up in different frags, we lose. And while
the frag size is large enough (slightly below 4Kb), the syscall table
is about 1/3 of that. We used to get away with that, but the recent
changes had been enough to trigger the breakage.
Proper fix is simple: have a macro (CALL(x)) to populate the table
instead of using explicit .long x and the first time we include calls.S
have it defined to .equ NR_syscalls,NR_syscalls+1. Then we can find
the proper amount of padding on the first inclusion simply by looking
at NR_syscalls at that time. And that will be constant, no matter what.
Moreover, the same trick kills the need of having an estimate of padded
NR_syscalls - it will be calculated for free at the same time.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Remove CONFIG_BROKEN=y from the ARM defconfigs, and update with
the appropriate changes. This results in only some unselected
configuration symbols being removed - hence no material effect
on the configuration.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
This also includes by necessity _TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK support,
which actually resulted in a lot of cleanups.
The sparc signal handling code is quite a mess and I should
clean it up some day.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This is a subset of the bluesmoke project core code, stripped of the NMI work
which isn't ready to merge and some of the "interesting" proc functionality
that needs reworking or just has no place in kernel. It requires no core
kernel changes except the added scrub functions already posted.
The goal is to merge further functionality only after the core code is
accepted and proven in the base kernel, and only at the point the upstream
extras are really ready to merge.
From: doug thompson <norsk5@xmission.com>
This converts EDAC to sysfs and is the final chunk neccessary before EDAC
has a stable user space API and can be considered for submission into the
base kernel.
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jesper.juhl@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: doug thompson <norsk5@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add the sys_pselect6() and sys_poll() calls to the i386 syscall table.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Use the generic sys_rt_sigsuspend.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add support for TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK. I copy the i386 handling of the flag.
sys_sigsuspend is also changed to follow i386.
Also a bit of cleanup -
turn an if into a switch
get rid of a couple more emacs formatting comments
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Implement the TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK flag in the new arch/powerpc kernel, for
both 32-bit and 64-bit system call paths.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Handle TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK as added by David Woodhouse's patch entitled:
[PATCH] 2/3 Add TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK support for arch/powerpc
[PATCH] 3/3 Generic sys_rt_sigsuspend
It does the following:
(1) Declares TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK for i386.
(2) Invokes it over to do_signal() when TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK is set.
(3) Makes do_signal() support TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK, using the signal mask saved
in current->saved_sigmask.
(4) Discards sys_rt_sigsuspend() from the arch, using the generic one instead.
(5) Makes sys_sigsuspend() save the signal mask and set TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK
rather than attempting to fudge the return registers.
(6) Makes sys_sigsuspend() return -ERESTARTNOHAND rather than looping
intrinsically.
(7) Makes setup_frame(), setup_rt_frame() and handle_signal() return 0 or
-EFAULT rather than true/false to be consistent with the rest of the
kernel.
Due to the fact do_signal() is then only called from one place:
(8) Makes do_signal() no longer have a return value is it was just being
ignored; force_sig() takes care of this.
(9) Discards the old sigmask argument to do_signal() as it's no longer
necessary.
(10) Makes do_signal() static.
(11) Marks the second argument to do_notify_resume() as unused. The unused
argument should remain in the middle as the arguments are passed in as
registers, and the ordering is specific in entry.S
Given the way do_signal() is now no longer called from sys_{,rt_}sigsuspend(),
they no longer need access to the exception frame, and so can just take
arguments normally.
This patch depends on sys_rt_sigsuspend patch.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Handle TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK as added by David Woodhouse's patch entitled:
[PATCH] 2/3 Add TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK support for arch/powerpc
[PATCH] 3/3 Generic sys_rt_sigsuspend
It does the following:
(1) Declares TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK for FRV.
(2) Invokes it over to do_signal() when TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK is set.
(3) Makes do_signal() support TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK, using the signal mask saved
in current->saved_sigmask.
(4) Discards sys_rt_sigsuspend() from the arch, using the generic one instead.
(5) Makes sys_sigsuspend() save the signal mask and set TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK
rather than attempting to fudge the return registers.
(6) Makes sys_sigsuspend() return -ERESTARTNOHAND rather than looping
intrinsically.
(7) Makes setup_frame(), setup_rt_frame() and handle_signal() return 0 or
-EFAULT rather than true/false to be consistent with the rest of the
kernel.
Due to the fact do_signal() is then only called from one place:
(8) Make do_signal() no longer have a return value is it was just being
ignored; force_sig() takes care of this.
(9) Discards the old sigmask argument to do_signal() as it's no longer
necessary.
This patch depends on the FRV signalling patches as well as the
sys_rt_sigsuspend patch.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK flag allows us to have a generic implementation of
sys_rt_sigsuspend() instead of duplicating it for each architecture. This
provides such an implementation and makes arch/powerpc use it.
It also tidies up the ppc32 sys_sigsuspend() to use TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Wire up the x86 syscalls
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Here is a series of patches which introduce in total 13 new system calls
which take a file descriptor/filename pair instead of a single file
name. These functions, openat etc, have been discussed on numerous
occasions. They are needed to implement race-free filesystem traversal,
they are necessary to implement a virtual per-thread current working
directory (think multi-threaded backup software), etc.
We have in glibc today implementations of the interfaces which use the
/proc/self/fd magic. But this code is rather expensive. Here are some
results (similar to what Jim Meyering posted before).
The test creates a deep directory hierarchy on a tmpfs filesystem. Then
rm -fr is used to remove all directories. Without syscall support I get
this:
real 0m31.921s
user 0m0.688s
sys 0m31.234s
With syscall support the results are much better:
real 0m20.699s
user 0m0.536s
sys 0m20.149s
The interfaces are for obvious reasons currently not much used. But they'll
be used. coreutils (and Jeff's posixutils) are already using them.
Furthermore, code like ftw/fts in libc (maybe even glob) will also start using
them. I expect a patch to make follow soon. Every program which is walking
the filesystem tree will benefit.
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ftp.linux.org.uk>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Correct a bit of whitespace problems while working here.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
When the user specifies both a COW file and its backing file, if the previous
backing file is not found, currently UML tries again to use it and fails.
This can be corrected by changing same_backing_files() return value in that
case, so that the caller will try to change the COW file to point to the new
location, as already done in other cases.
Additionally, given the change in the meaning of the func, change its name,
invert its return value, so all values are inverted except when
stat(from_cow,&buf2) fails. And add some comments and two minor bugfixes -
remove a fd leak (return err rather than goto out) and a repeated check.
Tested well.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
*) mark as "EXPERIMENTAL" various items that either aren't very stable or
that are actively crashing the setup of users which don't really need them
(i.e. HIGHMEM and 3-level pagetables on x86 - nobody needs either,
everybody reports "I'm using it and getting trouble").
*) move net/Kconfig near to the rest of network configurations, and
drivers/block/Kconfig near "Block layer" submenu.
*) it's useless and doesn't work well to force NETDEVICES on and to disable
the prompt like it's done. Better remove the attempt, and change that to a
simple "default y if UML".
*) drop the warning about "report problems about HPPFS" - it's redundant
anyway, as that's the usual procedure, and HPPFS users are especially
technical (i.e. they know reporting bugs is _good_).
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Ugly trick to help make malloc not sleeping - we can't do anything else. But
this is not yet optimal, since spinlock don't trigger in_atomic() when
preemption is disabled.
Also, even if ugly, this was already used in one place, and was even more
bogus. Fix it.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
In a previous patch I shifted an allocation to being atomic.
In this patch, a better but more intrusive solution is implemented, i.e. hold
the lock only when really needing it, especially not over pipe operations, nor
over the culprit allocation.
Additionally, while at it, add a missing kfree in the failure path, and make
sure that if we fail in forking, write_sigio_pid is -1 and not, say, -ENOMEM.
And fix whitespace, at least for things I was touching anyway.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
In this error path, when the interface has had a problem, we call dev_close(),
which is disallowed for two reasons:
*) takes again the UML internal spinlock, inside the ->stop method of this
device
*) can be called in process context only, while we're in interrupt context.
I've also thought that calling dev_close() may be a wrong policy to follow,
but it's not up to me to decide that.
However, we may end up with multiple dev_close() queued on the same device.
But the initial test for (dev->flags & IFF_UP) makes this harmless, though -
and dev_close() is supposed to care about races with itself. So there's no
harm in delaying the shutdown, IMHO.
Something to mark the interface as "going to shutdown" would be appreciated,
but dev_deactivate has the same problems as dev_close(), so we can't use it
either.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Pre-clear transport-specific private structure before passing it down.
In fact, I just got a slab corruption and kernel panic on exit because kfree()
was called on a pointer which probably was never allocated, BUT hadn't been
set to NULL by the driver.
As the code is full of such errors, I've decided for now to go the safe way
(we're talking about drivers), and to do the simple thing. I'm also starting
to fix drivers, and already sent a patch for the daemon transport.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Avoid uninitialized data in the daemon_data structure. I used this transport
before doing proper setup before-hand, and I got some very nice SLAB
corruption due to freeing crap pointers. So just make sure to clear
everything when appropriate.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Some fixes to make softints work in tt mode.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Now that we are doing soft interrupts, there's no point in using sigsetjmp and
siglongjmp. Using setjmp and longjmp saves a sigprocmask on every jump.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch implements soft interrupts. Interrupt enabling and disabling no
longer map to sigprocmask. Rather, a flag is set indicating whether
interrupts may be handled. If a signal comes in and interrupts are marked as
OK, then it is handled normally. If interrupts are marked as off, then the
signal handler simply returns after noting that a signal needs handling. When
interrupts are enabled later on, this pending signals flag is checked, and the
IRQ handlers are called at that point.
The point of this is to reduce the cost of local_irq_save et al, since they
are very much more common than the signals that they are enabling and
disabling. Soft interrupts produce a speed-up of ~25% on a kernel build.
Subtleties -
UML uses sigsetjmp/siglongjmp to switch contexts. sigsetjmp has been
wrapped in a save_flags-like macro which remembers the interrupt state at
setjmp time, and restores it when it is longjmp-ed back to.
The enable_signals function has to loop because the IRQ handler
disables interrupts before returning. enable_signals has to return with
signals enabled, and signals may come in between the disabling and the
return to enable_signals. So, it loops for as long as there are pending
signals, ensuring that signals are enabled when it finally returns, and
that there are no pending signals that need to be dealt with.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Stop using global variables to hold the file descriptor and offset used to map
the skas0 stubs. Instead, calculate them using the page physical addresses.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The serial UML OS-abstraction layer patch (um/kernel/skas dir).
This moves all systemcalls from skas/process.c file under os-Linux dir and
join skas/process.c and skas/process_kern.c files.
Signed-off-by: Gennady Sharapov <gennady.v.sharapov@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The serial UML OS-abstraction layer patch (um/kernel/skas dir).
This moves all systemcalls from skas/mem_user.c file under os-Linux dir and
join skas/mem_user.c and skas/mem.c files.
Signed-off-by: Gennady Sharapov <gennady.v.sharapov@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The serial UML OS-abstraction layer patch (um/kernel dir).
This moves skas headers to arch/um/include.
Signed-off-by: Gennady Sharapov <Gennady.V.Sharapov@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Current implementation of boot_timer_handler isn't usable for s390. So I
changed its name to do_boot_timer_handler, taking (struct sigcontext *)sc as
argument. do_boot_timer_handler is called from new boot_timer_handler() in
arch/um/os-Linux/signal.c, which uses the same mechanisms as other signal
handler to find out sigcontext pointer.
Signed-off-by: Bodo Stroesser <bstroesser@fujitsu-siemens.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The serial UML OS-abstraction layer patch (um/kernel dir).
This moves all systemcalls from time.c file under os-Linux dir and joins
time.c and tine_kernel.c files
Signed-off-by: Gennady Sharapov <Gennady.V.Sharapov@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The serial UML OS-abstraction layer patch (um/kernel dir).
This moves all systemcalls from user_util.c file under os-Linux dir
Signed-off-by: Gennady Sharapov <Gennady.V.Sharapov@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
