Replace xprt_create_proto/rpc_create_client call in NFS server callback
functions to use new rpc_create() API.
Test plan:
NFSv4 delegation functionality tests.
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
A recent commit (7fc90ec93a) moved the
call to nfsd_setuser out of the 'find a dentry for a filehandle' branch
of fh_verify so that it would always be called.
This had the unfortunately side-effect of moving *after* the call to
decode_fh, so the prober fsuid was not set when nfsd_acceptable was called,
the 'permission' check did the wrong thing.
This patch moves the nfsd_setuser call back where it was, and add as call
in the other branch of the if.
Cc: "J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@fieldses.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add an nfs4 operations count array to nfsd_stats structure. The count is
incremented in nfsd4_proc_compound() where all the operations are handled
by the nfsv4 server. This count of individual nfsv4 operations is also
entered into /proc filesystem.
Signed-off-by: Shankar Anand<shanand@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add a rq_sendfile_ok flag to svc_rqst which will be cleared in the privacy
case so that the wrapping code will get copies of the read data instead of
real page cache pages. This makes life simpler when we encrypt the response.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Since nfsv4 actually keeps around the file descriptors it gets from open
(instead of just using them for a single read or write operation), we need to
make sure that we can do RDWR opens and not just RDONLY/WRONLY.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
These tests always returned true; clearly that wasn't what was intended.
In keeping with kernel style, make them functions instead of macros while
we're at it.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
In the event that lookup_one_len() fails in nfsd_link(), fh_unlock() is
skipped and locks are held overlong.
Patch was tested on 2.6.17-rc2 by causing lookup_one_len() to fail and
verifying that fh_unlock() gets called appropriately.
Signed-off-by: David M. Richter <richterd@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
We're checking nfs_in_grace here a few times when there isn't really any
reason to--bad_stateid is probably the more sensible return value anyway.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
In the typical v2/v3 case the only new filehandles used as arguments to
operations are filehandles taken directly off the wire, which don't get
dentries until fh_verify() is called.
But in v4 the filehandles that are arguments to operations were often created
by previous operations (putrootfh, lookup, etc.) using fh_compose, which sets
the dentry in the filehandle without calling nfsd_setuser().
This also means that, for example, if filesystem B is mounted on filesystem A,
and filesystem A is exported without root-squashing, then a client can bypass
the rootsquashing on B using a compound that starts at a filehandle in A,
crosses into B using lookups, and then does stuff in B.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Fix an improper unlock in an error path.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
nfsd tries to return to a client the same sort of filehandle as was used by
the client. This removes some filehandle aliasing issues and means that a
server upgrade followed by a downgrade will not confused clients not restarted
during that time.
However when crossing a mountpoint, the filehandle used for one filesystem
doesn't provide any useful information on what sort of filehandle should be
used on the other, and can provide misleading information. So if the
reference filehandle is on a different filesystem to the one being generated,
ignore it.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
There is a perfectly valid situation where fh_update gets called on an already
uptodate filehandle - in nfsd_create_v3 where a CREATE_UNCHECKED finds an
existing file and wants to just set the size.
We could possible optimise out the call in that case, but the only harm
involved is that fh_update prints a warning, so it is easier to remove the
warning.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Type '3' is used for the fsid in filehandles when the device number of the
device holding the filesystem has more than 8 bits in either major or minor.
Unfortunately expkey_parse doesn't recognise type 3. Fix this.
(Slighty modified from Frank's original)
Signed-off-by: Frank Filz <ffilzlnx@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Just testing the i_sb isn't really enough, at least the vfsmnt must be the
same. Thanks Al.
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ftp.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
locking init cleanups:
- convert " = SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED" to spin_lock_init() or DEFINE_SPINLOCK()
- convert rwlocks in a similar manner
this patch was generated automatically.
Motivation:
- cleanliness
- lockdep needs control of lock initialization, which the open-coded
variants do not give
- it's also useful for -rt and for lock debugging in general
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch converts the combination of list_del(A) and list_add(A, B) to
list_move(A, B) under fs/.
Cc: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Acked-by: Joel Becker <joel.becker@oracle.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au>
Cc: Hans Reiser <reiserfs-dev@namesys.com>
Cc: Urban Widmark <urban@teststation.com>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mark Fasheh <mark.fasheh@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <mita@miraclelinux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Give the statfs superblock operation a dentry pointer rather than a superblock
pointer.
This complements the get_sb() patch. That reduced the significance of
sb->s_root, allowing NFS to place a fake root there. However, NFS does
require a dentry to use as a target for the statfs operation. This permits
the root in the vfsmount to be used instead.
linux/mount.h has been added where necessary to make allyesconfig build
successfully.
Interest has also been expressed for use with the FUSE and XFS filesystems.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Nathan Scott <nathans@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Extend the get_sb() filesystem operation to take an extra argument that
permits the VFS to pass in the target vfsmount that defines the mountpoint.
The filesystem is then required to manually set the superblock and root dentry
pointers. For most filesystems, this should be done with simple_set_mnt()
which will set the superblock pointer and then set the root dentry to the
superblock's s_root (as per the old default behaviour).
The get_sb() op now returns an integer as there's now no need to return the
superblock pointer.
This patch permits a superblock to be implicitly shared amongst several mount
points, such as can be done with NFS to avoid potential inode aliasing. In
such a case, simple_set_mnt() would not be called, and instead the mnt_root
and mnt_sb would be set directly.
The patch also makes the following changes:
(*) the get_sb_*() convenience functions in the core kernel now take a vfsmount
pointer argument and return an integer, so most filesystems have to change
very little.
(*) If one of the convenience function is not used, then get_sb() should
normally call simple_set_mnt() to instantiate the vfsmount. This will
always return 0, and so can be tail-called from get_sb().
(*) generic_shutdown_super() now calls shrink_dcache_sb() to clean up the
dcache upon superblock destruction rather than shrink_dcache_anon().
This is required because the superblock may now have multiple trees that
aren't actually bound to s_root, but that still need to be cleaned up. The
currently called functions assume that the whole tree is rooted at s_root,
and that anonymous dentries are not the roots of trees which results in
dentries being left unculled.
However, with the way NFS superblock sharing are currently set to be
implemented, these assumptions are violated: the root of the filesystem is
simply a dummy dentry and inode (the real inode for '/' may well be
inaccessible), and all the vfsmounts are rooted on anonymous[*] dentries
with child trees.
[*] Anonymous until discovered from another tree.
(*) The documentation has been adjusted, including the additional bit of
changing ext2_* into foo_* in the documentation.
[akpm@osdl.org: convert ipath_fs, do other stuff]
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Nathan Scott <nathans@sgi.com>
Cc: Roland Dreier <rolandd@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Both cause the 'entries' count in the export cache to be non-zero at module
removal time, so unregistering that cache fails and results in an oops.
1/ exp_pseudoroot (used for NFSv4 only) leaks a reference to an export
entry.
2/ sunrpc_cache_update doesn't increment the entries count when it adds
an entry.
Thanks to "david m. richter" <richterd@citi.umich.edu> for triggering the
problem and finding one of the bugs.
Cc: "david m. richter" <richterd@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Assigning the result of posix_acl_to_xattr() to an unsigned data type
(size/size_t) obscures possible errors.
Coverity CID: 1206.
Signed-off-by: Florin Malita <fmalita@gmail.com>
Acked-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Keep unused openowners around for at least one lease period, to avoid the need
for as many open confirmations and to allow handing out more delegations.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
It's very easy for the server to DOS itself by just giving out too many
delegations.
For now we just solve the problem with a dumb hard limit. Eventually we'll
want a smarter policy.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
We should be shutting down rpciod for the callback channel when we shut down
the server.
Also note that we do rpciod_up() and create the callback client *before*
setting cb_set--the cb_set only determines whether the initial null was
succesful. So cb_set is not a reliable determiner of whether we need to clean
up, only cb_client is.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Some obvious cleanup.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
We need to make sure the laundromat work doesn't reschedule itself just when
we try to cancel it. Also, we shouldn't be waiting for it to finish running
while holding the state lock, as that's a potential deadlock.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Fix corruption on readdir encoding with 64k pages.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
In v4 we grab an extra page just for the padding of returned data. The
formula that the rpc server uses to allocate pages for the response doesn't
take into account this extra page.
Instead of adjusting those formulae, we adopt the same solution as v2 and v3,
and put the "tail" data in the same page as the "head" data.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Since nfsd_setuser() is already called from any operation that uses the
current filehandle (because it's called from fh_verify), there's no reason to
call it from putrootfh.
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
In addition to setting the processes filesystem id's, nfsd_setuser also
modifies the value of the rq_cred which stores the id's that originally came
from the rpc call, for example to reflect root squashing.
There's no real reason to do that--the only case where rqstp->rq_cred is
actually used later on is in the NFSv4 SETCLIENTID/SETCLIENTID_CONFIRM
operations, and there the results are the opposite of what we want--those two
operations don't deal with the filesystem at all, they only record the
credentials used with the rpc call for later reference (so that we may require
the same credentials be used on later operations), and the credentials
shouldn't vary just because there was or wasn't a previous operation in the
compound that referred to some export
This fixes a bug which caused mounts from Solaris clients to fail.
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Export a directory that does not exist:
exportfs -orw,fsid=0,insecure,no_subtree_check client:/home/NFS4
Try to mount from client with nfs4. Mount hangs (I'm not sure why -
that's another issue).
While client is hung, back on server
mkdir /home/NFS4
The server panics in dput. I traced the problem back to svc_export_parse()
calling path_release() even though path_lookup() failed (it happens to fill in
the nameidata structure with a negative dentry - so the test after out:
succeeds).
After patching, an recreating the problem, the client mount still takes some
time before finally exiting with a message "couldn't read superblock".
Here is a simple patch to resolve this issue:
Signed-off-by: Frank Filz <ffilzlnx@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
We should be using the length from the second vfs_getxattr, in case it
changed. (Note: there's still a small race here; we could end up returning
-ENOMEM if the length increased between the first and second call. I don't
know whether it's worth spending a lot of effort to fix that.)
This makes XFS ACLs usable on NFS exports, which they currently aren't, since
XFS appears to be returning a too-large value for vfs_getxattr() when it's
passed a NULL buffer. So there's probably an XFS bug here too, though since
getxattr with a NULL buffer is usually used to decide how much memory to
allocate, it may be a fairly harmless bug in most cases.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
We're returning -1 in a few places in the NFSv4<->POSIX acl translation code
where we could return a reasonable error.
Also allows some minor simplification elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
this fixes coverity id #3. Coverity detected dead code, since the == -1
comparison only returns 0 or 1 to error. Therefore the if ( error < 0 )
statement was always false. Seems that this was an if( error = nfs4... )
statement some time ago, which got broken during cleanup.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sesterhenn <snakebyte@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Cc: Marc Eshel <eshel@almaden.ibm.com>
Cc: Andy Adamson <andros@citi.umich.edu>
Cc: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Use the fl_lmops field to identify which locks are ours, instead of trying to
look them up in our private hash. This is safer and more efficient.
Earlier versions of this patch used a lock flag instead, but Trond pointed out
that adding a new flag for each lock manager wasn't going to scale well, and
suggested this approach instead; a separate patch converts lockd to using
fl_lmops in the same way.
In the NFSv4 case this looks like a bit of a hack, since the NFSv4 server
isn't currently actually defining a lock_manager_operations struct, so we end
up defining one *just* to serve as a cookie to identify our locks.
But it works, and we actually do expect to start using the
lock_manager_operations at some point anyway.
Signed-off-by: Marc Eshel <eshel@almaden.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
NFSd makes sure there is enough space to hold the maximum possible reply
before accepting a request. The units for this maximum is (4byte) words.
However in three places, particularly for read request, the number given is
a number of bytes.
This means too much space is reserved which is slightly wasteful.
This is the sort of patch that could uncover a deeper bug, and it is not
critical, so it would be best for it to spend a while in -mm before going
in to mainline.
(akpm: target 2.6.17-rc2, 2.6.16.3 (approx))
Discovered-by: "Eivind Sarto" <ivan@kasenna.com>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This is a conversion to make the various file_operations structs in fs/
const. Basically a regexp job, with a few manual fixups
The goal is both to increase correctness (harder to accidentally write to
shared datastructures) and reducing the false sharing of cachelines with
things that get dirty in .data (while .rodata is nicely read only and thus
cache clean)
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Mark the f_ops members of inodes as const, as well as fix the
ripple-through this causes by places that copy this f_ops and then "do
stuff" with it.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
We can now make some code static.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
.. it makes some of the code nicer.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
These were an unnecessary wart. Also only have one 'DefineSimpleCache..'
instead of two.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Current svc_expkey holds a pointer to the svc_export structure, so updates to
that structure have to be in-place, which is a wart on the whole cache
infrastruct. So we break that linkage and just do a second lookup.
If this became a performance issue, it would be possible to put a direct link
back in which was only used conditionally. i.e. when an object is replaced
in the cache, we set a flag in the old object. When dereferencing the link
from svc_expkey, if the flag is set, we drop the reference and do a fresh
lookup.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The 'auth_domain's are simply handles on internal data structures. They do
not cache information from user-space, and forcing them into the mold of a
'cache' misrepresents their true nature and causes confusion.
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Update the NFSv4 server to use the new posix_lock_file_conf() interface.
Remove unnecessary (and race-prone) posix_test_file() calls.
Signed-off-by: Andy Adamson <andros@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
