doc: ReSTify Yama.txt
Adjusts for ReST markup and moves under LSM admin guide. Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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====
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Yama
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====
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Yama is a Linux Security Module that collects system-wide DAC security
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protections that are not handled by the core kernel itself. This is
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selectable at build-time with CONFIG_SECURITY_YAMA, and can be controlled
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at run-time through sysctls in /proc/sys/kernel/yama:
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selectable at build-time with ``CONFIG_SECURITY_YAMA``, and can be controlled
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at run-time through sysctls in ``/proc/sys/kernel/yama``:
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- ptrace_scope
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==============================================================
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ptrace_scope:
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ptrace_scope
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============
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As Linux grows in popularity, it will become a larger target for
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malware. One particularly troubling weakness of the Linux process
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@ -25,47 +26,49 @@ exist and remain possible if ptrace is allowed to operate as before.
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Since ptrace is not commonly used by non-developers and non-admins, system
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builders should be allowed the option to disable this debugging system.
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For a solution, some applications use prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE, ...) to
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For a solution, some applications use ``prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE, ...)`` to
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specifically disallow such ptrace attachment (e.g. ssh-agent), but many
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do not. A more general solution is to only allow ptrace directly from a
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parent to a child process (i.e. direct "gdb EXE" and "strace EXE" still
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work), or with CAP_SYS_PTRACE (i.e. "gdb --pid=PID", and "strace -p PID"
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work), or with ``CAP_SYS_PTRACE`` (i.e. "gdb --pid=PID", and "strace -p PID"
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still work as root).
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In mode 1, software that has defined application-specific relationships
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between a debugging process and its inferior (crash handlers, etc),
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prctl(PR_SET_PTRACER, pid, ...) can be used. An inferior can declare which
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other process (and its descendants) are allowed to call PTRACE_ATTACH
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``prctl(PR_SET_PTRACER, pid, ...)`` can be used. An inferior can declare which
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other process (and its descendants) are allowed to call ``PTRACE_ATTACH``
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against it. Only one such declared debugging process can exists for
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each inferior at a time. For example, this is used by KDE, Chromium, and
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Firefox's crash handlers, and by Wine for allowing only Wine processes
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to ptrace each other. If a process wishes to entirely disable these ptrace
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restrictions, it can call prctl(PR_SET_PTRACER, PR_SET_PTRACER_ANY, ...)
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restrictions, it can call ``prctl(PR_SET_PTRACER, PR_SET_PTRACER_ANY, ...)``
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so that any otherwise allowed process (even those in external pid namespaces)
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may attach.
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The sysctl settings (writable only with CAP_SYS_PTRACE) are:
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The sysctl settings (writable only with ``CAP_SYS_PTRACE``) are:
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0 - classic ptrace permissions: a process can PTRACE_ATTACH to any other
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0 - classic ptrace permissions:
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a process can ``PTRACE_ATTACH`` to any other
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process running under the same uid, as long as it is dumpable (i.e.
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did not transition uids, start privileged, or have called
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prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE...) already). Similarly, PTRACE_TRACEME is
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``prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE...)`` already). Similarly, ``PTRACE_TRACEME`` is
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unchanged.
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1 - restricted ptrace: a process must have a predefined relationship
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with the inferior it wants to call PTRACE_ATTACH on. By default,
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1 - restricted ptrace:
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a process must have a predefined relationship
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with the inferior it wants to call ``PTRACE_ATTACH`` on. By default,
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this relationship is that of only its descendants when the above
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classic criteria is also met. To change the relationship, an
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inferior can call prctl(PR_SET_PTRACER, debugger, ...) to declare
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an allowed debugger PID to call PTRACE_ATTACH on the inferior.
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Using PTRACE_TRACEME is unchanged.
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inferior can call ``prctl(PR_SET_PTRACER, debugger, ...)`` to declare
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an allowed debugger PID to call ``PTRACE_ATTACH`` on the inferior.
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Using ``PTRACE_TRACEME`` is unchanged.
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2 - admin-only attach: only processes with CAP_SYS_PTRACE may use ptrace
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with PTRACE_ATTACH, or through children calling PTRACE_TRACEME.
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2 - admin-only attach:
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only processes with ``CAP_SYS_PTRACE`` may use ptrace
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with ``PTRACE_ATTACH``, or through children calling ``PTRACE_TRACEME``.
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3 - no attach: no processes may use ptrace with PTRACE_ATTACH nor via
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PTRACE_TRACEME. Once set, this sysctl value cannot be changed.
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3 - no attach:
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no processes may use ptrace with ``PTRACE_ATTACH`` nor via
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``PTRACE_TRACEME``. Once set, this sysctl value cannot be changed.
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The original children-only logic was based on the restrictions in grsecurity.
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==============================================================
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@ -36,3 +36,4 @@ the one "major" module (e.g. SELinux) if there is one configured.
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apparmor
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SELinux
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tomoyo
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Yama
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@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
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- this file.
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Smack.txt
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- documentation on the Smack Linux Security Module.
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Yama.txt
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- documentation on the Yama Linux Security Module.
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keys-ecryptfs.txt
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- description of the encryption keys for the ecryptfs filesystem.
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keys-request-key.txt
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@ -11573,6 +11573,7 @@ M: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
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T: git git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux.git yama/tip
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S: Supported
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F: security/yama/
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F: Documentation/admin-guide/LSM/Yama.rst
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SENSABLE PHANTOM
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M: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
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@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ config SECURITY_YAMA
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system-wide security settings beyond regular Linux discretionary
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access controls. Currently available is ptrace scope restriction.
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Like capabilities, this security module stacks with other LSMs.
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Further information can be found in Documentation/security/Yama.txt.
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Further information can be found in
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Documentation/admin-guide/LSM/Yama.rst.
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If you are unsure how to answer this question, answer N.
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