[MTD] nandsim: enhance nandsim to simulate flash errors
New module parameters have been added to nandsim to
simulate:
bitflips random bit flips
badblocks blocks that are initially marked bad
weakblocks blocks that fail to erase after a
small number of erase cycles
weakpages pages that fail to write after a
small number of successful writes
gravepages pages that fail to read after a
small number of successful reads
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <ext-adrian.hunter@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
This commit is contained in:
Adrian Hunter
David Woodhouse
parent
2b77a0ed54
commit
514087e74f
1 changed files with 300 additions and 1 deletions
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@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
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#include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>
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#include <linux/delay.h>
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#include <linux/list.h>
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#include <linux/random.h>
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/* Default simulator parameters values */
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#if !defined(CONFIG_NANDSIM_FIRST_ID_BYTE) || \
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@ -93,6 +94,11 @@ static uint log = CONFIG_NANDSIM_LOG;
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static uint dbg = CONFIG_NANDSIM_DBG;
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static unsigned long parts[MAX_MTD_DEVICES];
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static unsigned int parts_num;
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static char *badblocks = NULL;
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static char *weakblocks = NULL;
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static char *weakpages = NULL;
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static unsigned int bitflips = 0;
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static char *gravepages = NULL;
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module_param(first_id_byte, uint, 0400);
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module_param(second_id_byte, uint, 0400);
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@ -108,6 +114,11 @@ module_param(do_delays, uint, 0400);
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module_param(log, uint, 0400);
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module_param(dbg, uint, 0400);
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module_param_array(parts, ulong, &parts_num, 0400);
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module_param(badblocks, charp, 0400);
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module_param(weakblocks, charp, 0400);
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module_param(weakpages, charp, 0400);
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module_param(bitflips, uint, 0400);
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module_param(gravepages, charp, 0400);
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(first_id_byte, "The fist byte returned by NAND Flash 'read ID' command (manufaturer ID)");
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(second_id_byte, "The second byte returned by NAND Flash 'read ID' command (chip ID)");
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@ -123,6 +134,18 @@ MODULE_PARM_DESC(do_delays, "Simulate NAND delays using busy-waits if not z
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(log, "Perform logging if not zero");
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(dbg, "Output debug information if not zero");
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(parts, "Partition sizes (in erase blocks) separated by commas");
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/* Page and erase block positions for the following parameters are independent of any partitions */
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(badblocks, "Erase blocks that are initially marked bad, separated by commas");
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(weakblocks, "Weak erase blocks [: remaining erase cycles (defaults to 3)]"
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" separated by commas e.g. 113:2 means eb 113"
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" can be erased only twice before failing");
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(weakpages, "Weak pages [: maximum writes (defaults to 3)]"
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" separated by commas e.g. 1401:2 means page 1401"
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" can be written only twice before failing");
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(bitflips, "Maximum number of random bit flips per page (zero by default)");
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MODULE_PARM_DESC(gravepages, "Pages that lose data [: maximum reads (defaults to 3)]"
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" separated by commas e.g. 1401:2 means page 1401"
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" can be read only twice before failing");
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/* The largest possible page size */
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#define NS_LARGEST_PAGE_SIZE 2048
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@ -344,6 +367,33 @@ static struct nandsim_operations {
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STATE_DATAOUT, STATE_READY}}
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};
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struct weak_block {
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struct list_head list;
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unsigned int erase_block_no;
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unsigned int max_erases;
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unsigned int erases_done;
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};
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static LIST_HEAD(weak_blocks);
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struct weak_page {
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struct list_head list;
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unsigned int page_no;
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unsigned int max_writes;
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unsigned int writes_done;
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};
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static LIST_HEAD(weak_pages);
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struct grave_page {
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struct list_head list;
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unsigned int page_no;
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unsigned int max_reads;
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unsigned int reads_done;
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};
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static LIST_HEAD(grave_pages);
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/* MTD structure for NAND controller */
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static struct mtd_info *nsmtd;
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@ -555,6 +605,204 @@ static void free_nandsim(struct nandsim *ns)
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return;
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}
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static int parse_badblocks(struct nandsim *ns, struct mtd_info *mtd)
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{
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char *w;
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int zero_ok;
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unsigned int erase_block_no;
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loff_t offset;
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if (!badblocks)
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return 0;
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w = badblocks;
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do {
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zero_ok = (*w == '0' ? 1 : 0);
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erase_block_no = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
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if (!zero_ok && !erase_block_no) {
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NS_ERR("invalid badblocks.\n");
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return -EINVAL;
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}
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offset = erase_block_no * ns->geom.secsz;
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if (mtd->block_markbad(mtd, offset)) {
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NS_ERR("invalid badblocks.\n");
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return -EINVAL;
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}
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if (*w == ',')
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w += 1;
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} while (*w);
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return 0;
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}
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static int parse_weakblocks(void)
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{
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char *w;
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int zero_ok;
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unsigned int erase_block_no;
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unsigned int max_erases;
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struct weak_block *wb;
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if (!weakblocks)
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return 0;
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w = weakblocks;
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do {
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zero_ok = (*w == '0' ? 1 : 0);
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erase_block_no = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
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if (!zero_ok && !erase_block_no) {
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NS_ERR("invalid weakblocks.\n");
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return -EINVAL;
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}
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max_erases = 3;
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if (*w == ':') {
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w += 1;
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max_erases = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
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}
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if (*w == ',')
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w += 1;
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wb = kzalloc(sizeof(*wb), GFP_KERNEL);
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if (!wb) {
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NS_ERR("unable to allocate memory.\n");
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return -ENOMEM;
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}
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wb->erase_block_no = erase_block_no;
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wb->max_erases = max_erases;
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list_add(&wb->list, &weak_blocks);
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} while (*w);
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return 0;
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}
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static int erase_error(unsigned int erase_block_no)
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{
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struct weak_block *wb;
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list_for_each_entry(wb, &weak_blocks, list)
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if (wb->erase_block_no == erase_block_no) {
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if (wb->erases_done >= wb->max_erases)
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return 1;
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wb->erases_done += 1;
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return 0;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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static int parse_weakpages(void)
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{
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char *w;
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int zero_ok;
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unsigned int page_no;
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unsigned int max_writes;
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struct weak_page *wp;
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if (!weakpages)
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return 0;
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w = weakpages;
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do {
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zero_ok = (*w == '0' ? 1 : 0);
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page_no = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
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if (!zero_ok && !page_no) {
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NS_ERR("invalid weakpagess.\n");
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return -EINVAL;
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}
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max_writes = 3;
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if (*w == ':') {
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w += 1;
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max_writes = simple_strtoul(w, &w, 0);
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}
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if (*w == ',')
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w += 1;
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wp = kzalloc(sizeof(*wp), GFP_KERNEL);
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if (!wp) {
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NS_ERR("unable to allocate memory.\n");
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return -ENOMEM;
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}
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wp->page_no = page_no;
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wp->max_writes = max_writes;
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list_add(&wp->list, &weak_pages);
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} while (*w);
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return 0;
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}
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static int write_error(unsigned int page_no)
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{
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struct weak_page *wp;
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list_for_each_entry(wp, &weak_pages, list)
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if (wp->page_no == page_no) {
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if (wp->writes_done >= wp->max_writes)
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return 1;
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wp->writes_done += 1;
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return 0;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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static int parse_gravepages(void)
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{
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char *g;
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int zero_ok;
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unsigned int page_no;
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unsigned int max_reads;
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struct grave_page *gp;
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if (!gravepages)
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return 0;
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g = gravepages;
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do {
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zero_ok = (*g == '0' ? 1 : 0);
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page_no = simple_strtoul(g, &g, 0);
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if (!zero_ok && !page_no) {
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NS_ERR("invalid gravepagess.\n");
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return -EINVAL;
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}
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max_reads = 3;
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if (*g == ':') {
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g += 1;
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max_reads = simple_strtoul(g, &g, 0);
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}
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if (*g == ',')
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g += 1;
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gp = kzalloc(sizeof(*gp), GFP_KERNEL);
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if (!gp) {
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NS_ERR("unable to allocate memory.\n");
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return -ENOMEM;
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}
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gp->page_no = page_no;
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gp->max_reads = max_reads;
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list_add(&gp->list, &grave_pages);
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} while (*g);
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return 0;
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}
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static int read_error(unsigned int page_no)
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{
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struct grave_page *gp;
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list_for_each_entry(gp, &grave_pages, list)
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if (gp->page_no == page_no) {
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if (gp->reads_done >= gp->max_reads)
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return 1;
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gp->reads_done += 1;
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return 0;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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static void free_lists(void)
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{
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struct list_head *pos, *n;
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list_for_each_safe(pos, n, &weak_blocks) {
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list_del(pos);
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kfree(list_entry(pos, struct weak_block, list));
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}
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list_for_each_safe(pos, n, &weak_pages) {
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list_del(pos);
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kfree(list_entry(pos, struct weak_page, list));
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}
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list_for_each_safe(pos, n, &grave_pages) {
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list_del(pos);
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kfree(list_entry(pos, struct grave_page, list));
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}
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}
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/*
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* Returns the string representation of 'state' state.
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*/
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@ -867,9 +1115,31 @@ static void read_page(struct nandsim *ns, int num)
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NS_DBG("read_page: page %d not allocated\n", ns->regs.row);
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memset(ns->buf.byte, 0xFF, num);
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} else {
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unsigned int page_no = ns->regs.row;
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NS_DBG("read_page: page %d allocated, reading from %d\n",
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ns->regs.row, ns->regs.column + ns->regs.off);
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if (read_error(page_no)) {
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int i;
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memset(ns->buf.byte, 0xFF, num);
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for (i = 0; i < num; ++i)
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ns->buf.byte[i] = random32();
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NS_WARN("simulating read error in page %u\n", page_no);
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return;
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}
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memcpy(ns->buf.byte, NS_PAGE_BYTE_OFF(ns), num);
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if (bitflips && random32() < (1 << 22)) {
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int flips = 1;
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if (bitflips > 1)
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flips = (random32() % (int) bitflips) + 1;
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while (flips--) {
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int pos = random32() % (num * 8);
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ns->buf.byte[pos / 8] ^= (1 << (pos % 8));
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NS_WARN("read_page: flipping bit %d in page %d "
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"reading from %d ecc: corrected=%u failed=%u\n",
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pos, ns->regs.row, ns->regs.column + ns->regs.off,
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nsmtd->ecc_stats.corrected, nsmtd->ecc_stats.failed);
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}
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}
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}
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}
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@ -928,6 +1198,7 @@ static int do_state_action(struct nandsim *ns, uint32_t action)
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{
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int num;
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int busdiv = ns->busw == 8 ? 1 : 2;
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unsigned int erase_block_no, page_no;
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action &= ACTION_MASK;
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@ -987,14 +1258,21 @@ static int do_state_action(struct nandsim *ns, uint32_t action)
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8 * (ns->geom.pgaddrbytes - ns->geom.secaddrbytes)) | ns->regs.column;
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ns->regs.column = 0;
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erase_block_no = ns->regs.row >> (ns->geom.secshift - ns->geom.pgshift);
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NS_DBG("do_state_action: erase sector at address %#x, off = %d\n",
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ns->regs.row, NS_RAW_OFFSET(ns));
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NS_LOG("erase sector %d\n", ns->regs.row >> (ns->geom.secshift - ns->geom.pgshift));
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NS_LOG("erase sector %u\n", erase_block_no);
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erase_sector(ns);
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NS_MDELAY(erase_delay);
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if (erase_error(erase_block_no)) {
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NS_WARN("simulating erase failure in erase block %u\n", erase_block_no);
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return -1;
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}
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break;
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case ACTION_PRGPAGE:
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@ -1017,6 +1295,8 @@ static int do_state_action(struct nandsim *ns, uint32_t action)
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if (prog_page(ns, num) == -1)
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return -1;
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page_no = ns->regs.row;
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NS_DBG("do_state_action: copy %d bytes from int buf to (%#x, %#x), raw off = %d\n",
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num, ns->regs.row, ns->regs.column, NS_RAW_OFFSET(ns) + ns->regs.off);
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NS_LOG("programm page %d\n", ns->regs.row);
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@ -1024,6 +1304,11 @@ static int do_state_action(struct nandsim *ns, uint32_t action)
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NS_UDELAY(programm_delay);
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NS_UDELAY(output_cycle * ns->geom.pgsz / 1000 / busdiv);
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if (write_error(page_no)) {
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NS_WARN("simulating write failure in page %u\n", page_no);
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return -1;
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}
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break;
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case ACTION_ZEROOFF:
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@ -1602,6 +1887,15 @@ static int __init ns_init_module(void)
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nsmtd->owner = THIS_MODULE;
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if ((retval = parse_weakblocks()) != 0)
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goto error;
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if ((retval = parse_weakpages()) != 0)
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goto error;
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if ((retval = parse_gravepages()) != 0)
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goto error;
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if ((retval = nand_scan(nsmtd, 1)) != 0) {
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NS_ERR("can't register NAND Simulator\n");
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if (retval > 0)
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@ -1612,6 +1906,9 @@ static int __init ns_init_module(void)
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if ((retval = init_nandsim(nsmtd)) != 0)
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goto err_exit;
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if ((retval = parse_badblocks(nand, nsmtd)) != 0)
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goto err_exit;
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if ((retval = nand_default_bbt(nsmtd)) != 0)
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goto err_exit;
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@ -1628,6 +1925,7 @@ static int __init ns_init_module(void)
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kfree(nand->partitions[i].name);
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error:
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kfree(nsmtd);
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free_lists();
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return retval;
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}
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@ -1647,6 +1945,7 @@ static void __exit ns_cleanup_module(void)
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for (i = 0;i < ARRAY_SIZE(ns->partitions); ++i)
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kfree(ns->partitions[i].name);
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kfree(nsmtd); /* Free other structures */
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free_lists();
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}
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module_exit(ns_cleanup_module);
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